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Indigenous Biological Resources, cannabis and the conundrum of human introduction
Cannabis is once again in the news in South Africa, with the recent announcement by various government departments of a national cannabis master plan to establish a formal cannabis and hemp industry. At the same time, the government has a long-standing commitment to protecting its local biodiversity, which is embodied in the National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act 10 of 2004 (the NEMBA). Among its other functions, the NEMBA serves to regulate biotrade and bioprospecting by means of a permit system. Conducting bioprospecting or biotrade activities without a permit is an offence, and can result in a fine of up to ten million Rand and/or imprisonment for up to ten years. The permit process itself is quite involved and requires, among other things, the conclusion of suitable Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs) and Benefit Sharing Agreements (BSAs) with any access providers and/or traditional knowledge holders relevant to that specific instance of biotrade or bioprospecting.
The EUIPO and the European Commission join forces to fight counterfeiting and piracy online
The European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) will provide consultative support to the European Commission under the Digital Services Act (DSA) to help rights holders and consumers navigate the online world more safely.
The Clever Use of Parameter Limitations Through Two Cases —Converting "How to Make" to "What It Is"
In patent practice, there is a type of claims that often trouble applicants/patentees/inventors and patent attorneys alike — the method claims. Such claims protect a series of operational steps, and while they can directly embody the core inventive concept, they often face difficulties in obtaining evidence(s) and enforcing rights in infringement litigation.
New digital patents services have launched
Today the IPO has launched a suite of new digital services to apply for, manage or renew UK patents.
The Value of Corporate Intangible Assets Worldwide Approaches USD 100 Trillion in 2025; The US Leads High-Income Economies; Morocco, China, and India Top Middle-Income Economies
Intangible assets such as intellectual property (IP), software, data, brands and organizational capabilities exert a growing influence on the global economy despite remaining largely invisible to conventional economic measurement frameworks.
Federal Council elects Béatrice Fink Düring and Nicola Alessandro Mona to the Institute Council of the IPI
The Federal Council has elected Béatrice Fink Düring and Nicola Mona to the Institute Council of the Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property (IPI) with effect from 1 April. Nicola Mona, a citizen of Ticino, succeeds Vincenza Trivigno, who stepped down at the end of 2025 after the Federal Council elected her as the Executive Director of Swissmedic with effect from January 2026.
Once Upon a Time… a Beverage Built an IP Kingdom
Once upon a time, in the age of soda fountains and patent medicines, a modest drink was born in an Atlanta pharmacy. It did not yet know it would conquer the world – but it would, not by magic alone, but by mastering every tool in the intellectual property grimoire. That drink was Coca‑Cola®.
EU trade mark system marks 30 years with more than 3.2 million applications filed
In 1996, the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) began receiving applications for what was then known as the Community Trade Mark. Thirty years later, the European Union Trade Mark (EUTM) system has become one of the most widely used intellectual property systems in the world.
Strategies and Pitfalls of Foreign Brands’ Trademark Localization in China
For foreign brands entering the Chinese market, choosing an appropriate translated name is often the first hurdle to overcome—and potentially the most common strategic pitfall. This process goes far beyond simple language conversion; it encompasses multiple dimensions including legal compliance, cultural understanding, and brand strategy.
Coping with Distributor Trademark Squatting: Strategic Analysis of Article 15.1 of the China Trademark Law
For the Chinese market, while international brands face tremendous opportunities, they must also tackle unique intellectual property challenges. Among these, it is common scenario that local distributors or agents to preemptively register the trademarks belong to their principals or represented persons. This article aims to analyze the legal protection provided to rights holders under Article 15.1 of the Trademark Law, and to offer systematic response strategies for brand owners.
Transformation of an International Registration into a Chinese National Application
The Madrid System, administered by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), offers a convenient and cost-effective route for trademark registrants to seek protection in most countries or regions. However, while the system simplifies the registration, it also leads to certain risks — most notably the "central attack".
How to Avoid Your Trademark being Rejected Due to Lack of Distinctiveness in China?
In recent years, the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) has significantly heightened its scrutiny of trademark distinctiveness. For international brands seeking to enter the Chinese market, understanding these standards is not just a legal necessity, but a critical strategic priority.
Ministry of Culture: Memorandum of Cooperation with NTUA on Digital Culture and Artificial Intelligence
A new Memorandum of Cooperation has been signed between the Ministry of Culture and the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), strengthening their strategic partnership in the fields of digital culture and the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
WIPO Launches New Award for Cities of Innovation
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) today launched the “WIPO City of Innovation” award program, a new initiative that recognizes cities worldwide demonstrating exceptional commitment to fostering innovation and creativity among their residents.
Austrian European Patent Filings Rise Sharply
The European Patent Office's latest Technology Dashboard brings good news: European patent applications from Austria climbed significantly in 2025.
2025 ranking of patent applications at the EPO
The European Patent Office (EPO) published its Technology Dashboard 2025 (formerly the Patent Index) on March 24th. Highly anticipated by intellectual property professionals, this ranking is based on patent applications received by the EPO in 2025.
Australia-EU Free Trade Agreement concluded
Intellectual property chapter provides for the protection of geographical indications.
From the open web to the dark web: EUIPO trains judges and prosecutors on new technologies
A two-day practical seminar held on 19 and 20 March at the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) brought together judges and prosecutors from across the European Union to strengthen their capacity to address intellectual property (IP) infringement in digital environments.
Swissness legislation: clarification of practice
The Swiss economy has been under considerable pressure for some time now due to the continuing strength of the Swiss franc and high US tariffs.
EUIPO hosts tools workshop to fight intellectual property crime
The European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO), through the European Observatory on Infringements of Intellectual Property Rights, and with the support of the Spanish National Police, organised the ‘IP OSINT Tools Workshop’ in Gran Canaria, Spain, from 3 to 5 March 2026.
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{{enterWhos.enText}} Trademark Registration
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Principle of trademark protection:Principle of trademark protection;
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Classification system of goods and services:Nice Classification; multi-class application is available;
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Requirements for trademark use:The applicant shall provide evidence showing use of the trademark on the designated goods/services. Evidence of use for goods includes but not limited to: product photos printed with trademarks, product packaging, product labels, exhibition pictures, brochures, sales contracts and other purchase documents and information; but advertisements or media reports cannot be used as evidence of effective use. Evidence for services includes but not limited to: the brochures printed with trademarks, web page introductions, contracts for provision of services and other documents.
It is important to preserve the evidence when use a trademark in United States; otherwise the trademark will be partially or totally invalidated over the designated goods and services for not submitting sufficient mark use evidence during the stage of submitting the statement of use. -
An application for trademark registration shall be filed before the U.S. Intellectual Property Office (USTPO), and there must be a basis for filing application in the United States. There are mainly three types:(1)"Intended Use": This basis applies to cases where the trademark has not been used in the United States at the time of filing the application for registration. Based on "intention to use" to file an application for trademark registration, the application can be submitted directly without providing evidence of trademark use. However, when the official passes the trademark examination, an official notice will be issued requesting the applicant to submit evidence of use and the time of first use in the world and the United States in order to obtain a trademark registration certificate. If the trademark has not been used before it is approved for registration, the applicant may postpone the submission of the statement of use for a period of 6 months at a time, for a total of 5 times. If the use evidence cannot be provided in the end, the trademark will be invalid.
(2)"Actual Use": This basis is applicable to the case where the trademark was already used in the United States when the application for registration was submitted. When filing an application for trademark registration on the basis of "already used", evidence of the use of the trademark in the United States and the earliest date of use shall be provided.
(3)"Registration in Other Countries": This basis is used when an application for registration of the same trademark has been submitted in the origin country and the applicant cannot provide mark use evidence in the United States for a short period of time. Application information (including designated goods/services) in the US application should be consistent with those in the application of origin country, and a copy of registration certificate in the origin country should be provided.
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